What Is Hepatitis?
Hepatitis is a condition that causes swelling (inflammation) of the liver. Your liver helps digest food, filter blood, and fight infections. When it gets inflamed, it can’t work properly and that can make you feel very sick.
Let’s break down what causes hepatitis, how you can protect yourself with vaccines, and simple steps to prevent it.
What Causes Hepatitis?
There are a few different types of hepatitis. Most are caused by viruses, but there are other reasons too.
1 Viral Hepatitis
The most common types are:
- Hepatitis A – Spread through dirty food or water.
- Hepatitis B – Spread by contact with infected blood, sex, or from mom to baby at birth.
- Hepatitis C – Usually spread through sharing needles or other blood contact.
- Hepatitis D – Only happens if you already have Hepatitis B.
- Hepatitis E – Found in areas with poor water and sanitation.
2. Other Causes
Immune system problems – The body attacks the liver by mistake (autoimmune hepatitis)..
Too much alcohol – Damages the liver over time (alcoholic hepatitis).
Certain medicines or toxins – Can harm the liver (drug-induced hepatitis).
Common Symptoms
Not everyone feels sick right away, but when symptoms show up, they may include:
- Feeling very tired
- Yellow skin or eyes (jaundice)
- Stomach pain
- Loss of appetite
- Dark-colored urine
- Feeling sick to your stomach
If you notice these symptoms, it’s a good idea to see a doctor.
Vaccination for Hepatitis
Hepatitis A Vaccine
- Recommended for children, travelers to certain countries, and those with chronic liver disease.
- Given in two doses, six months apart.
Hepatitis B Vaccine
- Part of routine childhood immunizations in many countries.
- Administered in three doses.
- Also recommended for healthcare workers, people with high-risk behaviors, and newborns.
Hepatitis C Vaccine
- Currently, there is no vaccine for hepatitis C. However, effective antiviral treatments are available.
Vaccination has been one of the most successful tools in reducing the global burden of hepatitis A and B.
How To Prevent Hepatitis
Here are easy steps to stay safe:
🧼 For Hepatitis A:
- Wash your hands well, especially before eating.
- Drink clean water.
- Get the vaccine.
🩸 For Hepatitis B & C:
- Don’t share needles, razors, or toothbrushes.
- Practice safe sex.
- Make sure tattoos or piercings are done with clean tools.
- Get tested if you’re at risk.
💪 For a Healthy Liver:
- Avoid too much alcohol.
- Eat healthy and stay active.
- Take medicine only as your doctor says.
The Bottom Line
Hepatitis can be serious, but the good news is: it’s often preventable. Vaccines, good hygiene, and safe habits can keep your liver healthy. If you think you’ve been exposed or feel sick, talk to a doctor right away.
